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When cooled engine directly seawater there is a risk of overheating the engine, especially if the system does not provide thermostat. On the walls of the cylinder to precipitate the salt, forming a layer of scum with a poor thermal conductivity, resulting in overheating of the cylinder walls is a possible jamming of the pistons, etc. From this overheating, do not resign even a thermostat, because it regulates only the temperature of most species in the cooling system.
Taking this into account, as described engine cooling system seawater turning the thermostat in the system can be applied in cases where the engine power is only partially. The water in front of the engine space should be pre-warmed by passing it through a cooled exhaust pipes, exhaust manifold, water-oil cooler, and only then applied to the input of staff of the pump
More complex device, But more reliable in operation are cooling system operating in a closed cycle, or double-circuit. To cool the engine they use clean fresh water that circulates in the same way as when the engine in a car. Instead of a radiator, in which the vehicle is the water temperature is lowered by an air blower, there are special water-oil and water - water coolers, lapped by the sea water.
Other variants of this concept taking into account the characteristics of individual cross elements, such as performance and pressure pump sea water, the construction of refrigerators. In particular, the refrigerators can be internal, located in the building boats, and sea or the bottom, fixed on the outside shell and washed by sea water without using a special pump. Structural dimensions of domestic refrigerators are selected on the basis of 45-55 square inches to ensure the heat exchange surface of 1 horsepower engine. Outboard refrigerators can be a constructive element for bottom (especially for metal and plastic boats). Cooling area such refrigerators is determined by calculating 45-50 square centimeters to 1 hp engine power, and if the closed system includes a cooled exhaust manifold engine - to 55-65 cm2. Often, these refrigerators are made in the form of several tubes attached to the bottom of the keel parallel. |
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